Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
2
Department of chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
3
Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
4
Chemistry Department, University of Okara
5
: Chemistry Department, Abdul Wali khan University Mardan, 23200 Mardan, KP, Pakistan
6
International Islamic University Islamabad
7
Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
8
University of Okara, Pakistan
9
Chemistry Department, Abdul Wali khan University Mardan, 23200 Mardan, KP, Pakistan
10
Northern technical university, college of health and medical techniquies, Department of renal diaylsis techniquies, Kirkuk, Iraq
11
University of Kirkuk, College of education for pure science-chemistry department, Kirkuk, Iraq
12
Chemistry department, Faculty of science Alexandria university
Abstract
This systematic review presenting fundamentals of geopolymer (GP) for concrete technology. Geopolymer formulated by activation of sustainable aluminosilicate binders (eco-friendly, available, cheap, sustainable natural raw materials fly ash and slag wastes). Geopolymer concrete decrease scarcity of global ordinary Portland cement and decrease energy 0.110 kWh per gram and CO2(g) emission (800 kg ton-1). Durability, mechanical strength, resistance to water and leaching improved via by TiO2 nanoparticles. Polycondensation yield and physicochemical characteristics of GP are monotonic functions of (binder's chemistry, alkali concentration& types, reinforcing fibers, Si to Al ratio, precursors firing, types of solid wastes, heating activation, types and curing conditions. Concrete quality is controlled by geopolymer (composition, additives, mechanical strength and compressive strength). Nano materials SiO2, Fe2O4 and Al2O3 improved (mechanical characteristics, microstructure, functionality, durability, mortar strength, slurry mobility, permeability, impact, and rheology) as well as decreasing shrinkage and micro cracks on aging. Fumed nano silica showed be added at small 0.5% wt. with 4% wt.% superplasticizer with low water:cement ratio.Appropriate curing and optimum 7% super plasticizer improved workability, flow and fluidity. Limestone (CaCO3) is an ideal filler increases tensile strength and flexural strength, however impact the thermal expansion coefficient. The obstacle is the scale up using CaCO3 in GP cement.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)
View on SCiNiTO